Syn-Ake: Snake Venom Peptide Skincare Guide

The idea of applying snake venom to your face sounds like something from a dubious beauty hack list. But here's what's actually happening: Syn-Ake is a synthetic tripeptide that mimics a specific component of Temple Viper venom—one that temporarily blocks nerve signals to facial muscles. The science isn't hype. It's grounded in neuromuscular pharmacology, and the peptide has clinical data showing wrinkle reduction comparable to (and in some studies better than) other topical alternatives to Botox.

This isn't about danger or exotic ingredients for their own sake. It's about a targeted molecule that acts on acetylcholine receptors the same way certain venom peptides do, but without any of the toxicity. The peptide was developed by DSM (now dsm-firmenich), studied in controlled trials, and is used in anti-aging formulations worldwide. Here's what the research shows, how it works, and what you need to know before adding it to your routine.

Quick Facts
What Is Syn-Ake?
Mechanism of Action
Research and Clinical Evidence
How to Use Syn-Ake
Safety and Side Effects
Syn-Ake vs. Other Anti-Wrinkle Peptides
Who Should Consider Syn-Ake?
Frequently Asked Questions
Bottom Line
References

Quick Facts

Attribute	Details
INCI Name	Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl Benzylamide Diacetate
Other Names	SYN-AKE®, Snake Venom Tripeptide
Type	Neuromuscular peptide
Molecular Formula	C₂₃H₃₇N₅O₇
Mechanism	Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonism
Inspiration	Waglerin-1 from Temple Viper (Tropidolaemus wagleri)
Developer	DSM (now dsm-firmenich)
Typical Concentration	1-4% in skincare formulations
Primary Benefit	Reduction of expression lines and wrinkles

What Is Syn-Ake?

Syn-Ake (dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate) is a synthetic peptide designed to replicate a specific effect of waglerin-1, a 22-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the Temple Viper (Tropidolaemus wagleri). Waglerin-1 is a potent neuromuscular blocker that acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, preventing muscle contraction.

DSM researchers identified the minimal functional sequence of waglerin-1 and synthesized a shorter, stable peptide that could be formulated into topical skincare products. The result is a tripeptide that mimics waglerin-1's receptor-blocking action without any systemic toxicity. Syn-Ake has been used in anti-aging formulations since its development and is marketed as a topical alternative to injectable neurotoxins like Botox.

The Temple Viper connection is more than marketing. Waglerin-1 has been studied extensively in neuropharmacology for its highly selective binding to the epsilon subunit of muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Studies published in journals like Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics confirm that Syn-Ake retains this receptor-targeting capability in a form suitable for skincare applications.

Mechanism of Action

Syn-Ake works through a well-defined neuromuscular mechanism. Understanding how it reduces wrinkles requires a quick look at how muscles contract in the first place.

Neuromuscular Transmission

When a nerve impulse reaches a muscle, acetylcholine (a neurotransmitter) is released and binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the muscle cell membrane. This binding opens sodium ion channels, allowing Na⁺ ions to rush into the muscle cell. The influx of sodium triggers muscle contraction.

Repeated muscle contractions from facial expressions—squinting, frowning, smiling—create dynamic wrinkles. Over time, these lines become etched into the skin as static wrinkles.

How Syn-Ake Interrupts This Process

Syn-Ake acts as an antagonist at the muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (mnAChR). Specifically, it binds to the epsilon subunit of the receptor, mimicking the action of waglerin-1. This binding blocks acetylcholine from attaching to the receptor, keeping the sodium ion channels closed. Without sodium influx, the muscle stays relaxed.

The effect is reversible. Syn-Ake doesn't permanently alter the receptor or damage the neuromuscular junction. Once the peptide is no longer present, normal muscle function resumes. This is similar in concept to how Botox works, though Botox acts presynaptically (preventing acetylcholine release) while Syn-Ake acts postsynaptically (blocking the receptor itself).

Research published on PubMed confirms that waglerin-1 selectively blocks the epsilon form of the muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and that this selectivity is what makes the peptide such a precise neuromuscular agent. Syn-Ake replicates this selectivity in a topical format.

Topical Delivery Challenges

One limitation: peptides are typically large molecules (over 500 Daltons), and skin penetration is difficult. Syn-Ake's smaller size and formulation with penetration enhancers improve its chances of reaching the neuromuscular junction beneath the skin. However, it's reasonable to expect that topical delivery is less efficient than injection, which is why Syn-Ake's effects are milder and more gradual than Botox.

Research and Clinical Evidence

The clinical data on Syn-Ake comes from both manufacturer-sponsored trials and independent studies. While the evidence base isn't as large as it is for injectable neurotoxins, the available research supports its wrinkle-reducing claims.

Key Clinical Studies

2007 Comparative Study: Syn-Ake vs. Argireline

A 2007 clinical trial involving 45 participants compared a 4% Syn-Ake cream to a 10% Argireline formulation. After 28 days of twice-daily application, the Syn-Ake group showed a 21% reduction in skin roughness and a 20% decrease in wrinkle depth. The Argireline group saw 4% and 2% reductions, respectively. This study suggested that Syn-Ake, despite being used at a lower concentration, delivered superior results for expression lines.

52% Wrinkle Reduction Study

One frequently cited study measured the effect of a 4% Syn-Ake cream applied twice daily for four weeks. The research reported wrinkle depth reductions of up to 52% in some participants, with improvements visible as early as 7 days. This study was conducted on volunteers with moderate forehead lines, and results were measured using profilometry (a method that quantifies wrinkle depth and volume).

DSM In Vivo Study

The manufacturer's own research included a placebo-controlled trial with 100 volunteers divided into groups receiving 4% Syn-Ake or a placebo cream. After four weeks, the Syn-Ake group showed measurable reductions in wrinkle depth compared to placebo. DSM published these results in formulation guidelines and technical bulletins available to cosmetic formulators.

In Silico and In Vitro Research

A 2023 study published in the Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics used computational modeling and in vitro testing to assess Syn-Ake's anti-aging activity. The research confirmed that the peptide interacts with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)—both targets relevant to skin aging. Cytotoxicity (MTT) and genotoxicity (Ames) tests showed no adverse effects, supporting the peptide's safety profile.

The study concluded that Syn-Ake "may hold promise in anti-aging formulations with its high efficacy and safety profile."

Limitations and Gaps

Most published studies are small, short-term (4-8 weeks), and often funded by ingredient manufacturers. Independent, large-scale, placebo-controlled trials are scarce. The 52% reduction figure is from a best-case scenario, not an average result across all users. Individual variability—skin thickness, age, wrinkle depth, formulation quality—affects outcomes.

Still, the research that exists is consistent: Syn-Ake reduces expression lines when used regularly at concentrations of 1-4%.

How to Use Syn-Ake

Syn-Ake is available in serums, creams, and targeted treatments. It's often combined with other anti-aging ingredients like hyaluronic acid, niacinamide, or other peptides (Matrixyl, Argireline, Leuphasyl).

Application Guidelines

Concentration: Look for products with 1-4% Syn-Ake. Higher concentrations haven't been shown to improve results and may increase the risk of irritation.

Frequency: Apply twice daily—morning and evening. Consistency matters. Most clinical studies used twice-daily application for 28 days before measuring results.

Target Areas: Focus on areas with expression lines—forehead, crow's feet, glabellar lines (between the eyebrows), smile lines. Avoid the eyelid margin and mucous membranes.

Layering: Apply Syn-Ake products after cleansing and before heavier moisturizers or oils. If using multiple peptides, there's no evidence that combining them reduces efficacy, though some formulators space them out to reduce competition for penetration.

Time to Results: Expect visible improvements in 2-4 weeks with consistent use. The effect is gradual, not immediate.

Formulation Considerations

Syn-Ake is typically supplied in a glycerin and water base (INCI: Glycerin, Aqua, Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl Benzylamide Diacetate). Formulators recommend using it at pH 4-7 and protecting it from excessive heat and light. If you're buying a pre-formulated product, check that it's stored properly and hasn't expired—peptides degrade over time.

Combining with Other Treatments

With Botox: Some dermatologists recommend using Syn-Ake or similar peptides between Botox treatments to prolong results. A 2024 study on a neuropeptide serum (containing 2% dipeptide diaminobutyroyl, among other actives) combined with botulinum toxin injections reported improved radiance and wrinkle reduction. The peptides didn't replace Botox but complemented it.

With Retinoids: Copper peptides like GHK-Cu and retinoids target different aging pathways (collagen synthesis, cell turnover). Using them together is common, though introduce them gradually to avoid irritation.

With Sunscreen: Always use sunscreen during the day. Peptides don't protect against UV damage, which is the leading cause of premature skin aging.

Safety and Side Effects

Syn-Ake has a favorable safety profile in the concentrations used in skincare.

Safety Testing

Cytotoxicity: MTT assays show no significant cytotoxic effects at cosmetic concentrations.
Genotoxicity: Ames test results confirm no mutagenic activity.
Skin Irritation: In vivo tests report no significant irritation or sensitization in the majority of users.

The Environmental Working Group rates dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate as a 1 out of 10 (low hazard).

Potential Side Effects

While most users tolerate Syn-Ake well, some report:

Mild irritation: Redness, itching, or a warm sensation, especially during initial use.
Dryness: Less common, but possible if the formulation lacks adequate moisturizing agents.
Temporary stinging: More likely if the product is applied to compromised skin.

These effects are usually mild and resolve as the skin adapts.

Who Should Avoid Syn-Ake?

Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals: Not enough data on systemic absorption and safety in these populations.
Those with neuromuscular disorders: Though topical absorption is minimal, individuals with myasthenia gravis or Lambert-Eaton syndrome should consult a physician before use.
Sensitive skin: Patch test first. Apply a small amount to the inner forearm and wait 24 hours.

Long-Term Use

No studies have documented adverse effects from long-term use of Syn-Ake at cosmetic concentrations. The peptide is reversible—it doesn't accumulate in tissue or cause lasting changes to neuromuscular function. Effects are temporary and require ongoing application to maintain results.

Syn-Ake vs. Other Anti-Wrinkle Peptides

Syn-Ake is one of several peptides marketed as "topical Botox." Here's how it compares.

Syn-Ake vs. Argireline (Acetyl Hexapeptide-8)

Mechanism: Argireline inhibits SNARE complex formation, reducing acetylcholine release (presynaptic). Syn-Ake blocks the receptor itself (postsynaptic).
Efficacy: The 2007 comparative study showed Syn-Ake (at 4%) outperformed Argireline (at 10%) in reducing wrinkle depth.
Use Case: Argireline is milder and better for prevention (20s-30s). Syn-Ake is stronger and better for established expression lines (40s+).
Time to Results: Argireline takes 4-6 weeks. Syn-Ake shows effects in 2-4 weeks.

Syn-Ake vs. Leuphasyl (Pentapeptide-18)

Mechanism: Leuphasyl also targets acetylcholine receptors, acting as an antagonist similar to Syn-Ake.
Efficacy: Both are considered strong neuropeptides. No direct head-to-head trials exist.
Formulation: Leuphasyl is often used at 0.5-3%, slightly lower than Syn-Ake's 1-4%.

Syn-Ake vs. Snap-8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3)

Mechanism: Snap-8 is an extended version of Argireline, also inhibiting SNARE complex formation.
Efficacy: Marketed as more potent than Argireline, though independent comparisons to Syn-Ake are lacking.

Syn-Ake vs. Botox

Delivery: Botox is injected directly into the muscle. Syn-Ake is applied topically and must penetrate skin layers.
Efficacy: Botox can reduce wrinkles by up to 80% within a week. Syn-Ake shows up to 52% reduction after 4 weeks in best-case scenarios, but typical results are more modest (10-20%).
Duration: Botox lasts 3-6 months. Syn-Ake requires continuous application.
Safety: Botox has rare risks (eyelid drooping, allergic reactions). Syn-Ake's risks are minimal and mostly limited to skin irritation.
Cost: Botox costs hundreds of dollars per session. Syn-Ake products range from $15-$100 per bottle.

If you want dramatic, fast results, Botox is unmatched. If you want a non-invasive, gradual improvement without needles, Syn-Ake is a reasonable option.

Who Should Consider Syn-Ake?

Syn-Ake makes sense for people who:

Have moderate expression lines (forehead, crow's feet, frown lines) and want a non-invasive treatment.
Prefer topical skincare over injectables due to cost, fear of needles, or philosophical preference.
Are in their 40s or older with established dynamic wrinkles. (Younger users with fine lines might see better results with milder peptides like Argireline.)
Want to extend Botox results between treatments by using a peptide serum as maintenance.
Are committed to consistent use. Syn-Ake isn't a one-and-done treatment. It requires daily application for sustained results.

It's less ideal for:

Deep, static wrinkles. Topical peptides can't erase deeply etched lines. Those require resurfacing treatments (lasers, peels) or fillers.
Rapid results. If you need visible improvement in days, not weeks, Botox is more appropriate.
Sagging skin. Peptides that block muscle contraction don't address volume loss or skin laxity. Those require collagen-stimulating treatments or procedures like radiofrequency or ultrasound therapy.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Syn-Ake actually derived from snake venom?

No. Syn-Ake is a synthetic peptide that mimics the structure and function of waglerin-1, a peptide found in Temple Viper venom. No snakes are involved in its production. The synthetic version is identical in its receptor-binding mechanism but lacks the toxicity of the natural venom peptide.

Can Syn-Ake replace Botox?

Not for everyone. Botox is more potent, works faster, and is clinically proven to reduce wrinkles by up to 80% in a week. Syn-Ake is a topical alternative that produces more modest results (10-20% average, up to 52% in some studies) over several weeks. It's best thought of as a non-invasive maintenance option, not a direct replacement for injectables.

How long does it take to see results?

Most clinical trials show visible improvement in 2-4 weeks with twice-daily application. Some users report early changes in 7-10 days, though the full effect builds over a month of consistent use.

Can I use Syn-Ake with other peptides?

Yes. Many formulations combine Syn-Ake with other peptides like Matrixyl (collagen-stimulating), Argireline (neuromuscular), or copper peptides (wound healing). There's no evidence that combining peptides reduces their individual efficacy, though skin penetration is finite—layering too many actives may dilute results.

Does Syn-Ake work on all skin types?

Yes, in theory. Clinical studies haven't reported differential efficacy based on skin type (oily, dry, combination) or skin tone. However, individuals with very sensitive skin may experience irritation and should patch test first.

What's the difference between Syn-Ake and dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate?

They're the same thing. Syn-Ake is the trade name; dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate is the INCI (International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients) name. If you see either on a product label, you're getting the same peptide.

Is Syn-Ake safe during pregnancy?

There's insufficient data on topical peptide use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. While systemic absorption from topical application is expected to be minimal, it's best to consult a healthcare provider before using Syn-Ake or similar peptides if you're pregnant or nursing.

Can Syn-Ake cause muscle weakness?

At cosmetic concentrations (1-4%) applied topically, systemic absorption is negligible. There are no documented cases of generalized muscle weakness from Syn-Ake in skincare. The peptide acts locally on facial muscles beneath the application site. That said, individuals with neuromuscular disorders should consult a physician before use.

How should I store Syn-Ake products?

Store them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Heat and light degrade peptides over time. Some users refrigerate peptide serums to extend shelf life, though this isn't required if you use the product within the expiration date. Once opened, use within 6-12 months for optimal potency.

Bottom Line

Syn-Ake is a synthetic peptide that mimics the neuromuscular blocking action of waglerin-1, a component of Temple Viper venom. It works by antagonizing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on facial muscles, temporarily reducing muscle contraction and smoothing expression lines. Clinical studies show that 4% Syn-Ake applied twice daily can reduce wrinkle depth by 10-52% over four weeks, with results varying by individual.

The peptide is safe at cosmetic concentrations, with minimal risk of irritation and no documented systemic toxicity. It's a viable option for people seeking a non-invasive alternative to Botox, though it's slower and less dramatic. Best results come from consistent, long-term use on moderate expression lines.

If you're in your 40s or older, needle-averse, and committed to a daily peptide routine, Syn-Ake is worth considering. Combine it with sunscreen, retinoids, and other anti-aging staples for a comprehensive approach to skin aging.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Peptide skincare is not regulated by the FDA for anti-aging claims. Consult a dermatologist or healthcare provider before starting any new skincare regimen, especially if you have underlying skin conditions, are pregnant, or are taking medications that affect neuromuscular function.

References

Blanes-Mira, C., et al. (2002). "Waglerin-1 selectively blocks the epsilon form of the muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor." Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. PubMed
Kasheverov, I.E., et al. (2023). "Anti-aging activity of Syn-Ake peptide by in silico approaches and in vitro tests." Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics. PubMed
DSM (now dsm-firmenich). "SYN-AKE®: Small Peptide Active Ingredient." DSM-Firmenich
Mokiner. "Syn-Ake vs. Argireline: Which Anti-Aging Peptide Is Right for You?" Mokiner
Reviva Labs. "Unlocking the Secrets of SYN®-AKE: The Revolutionary Peptide for Skin Care." Reviva Labs
SkinCeuticals. "Benefits of Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl in Skincare." SkinCeuticals
Paula's Choice. "Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl Benzylamide Diacetate in Skin Care: What It Is." Paula's Choice
Clinikally. "Snake Venom in Skincare: Miracle Wrinkle Smoother or Just Clever Marketing?" Clinikally
Scandasia. "Syn-AKE Peptide: Molecular Properties and Expanding Research Implications." Scandasia
MDPI. "Sustainable Dynamic Wrinkle Efficacy: Non-Invasive Peptides as the Future of Botox Alternatives." MDPI
Wedemeyer, R.S., et al. (2024). "Real-World Clinical Experience With a Neuro-Peptide Serum in Combination With Botulinum Toxin Type-A Injections." PubMed
Ohno, M., et al. (2002). "Residues in the epsilon subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor interact to confer selectivity of waglerin-1." Journal of Biological Chemistry. PubMed
PubChem. "Dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate." PubChem
UL Prospector. "SYN®-AKE by dsm-firmenich Beauty & Care." UL Prospector
Chemicalbook. "Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl Benzylamide Diacetate: Safe and Effective Benefits in Skincare." Chemicalbook

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