Retatrutide: Triple Agonist Research Profile
In December 2025, Eli Lilly released Phase 3 data showing that retatrutide — the first drug ever to activate three gut hormone receptors simultaneously — helped patients lose an average of 28.7% of their body weight in 68 weeks. That number surpasses anything seen in a late-stage obesity trial.
In December 2025, Eli Lilly released Phase 3 data showing that retatrutide — the first drug ever to activate three gut hormone receptors simultaneously — helped patients lose an average of 28.7% of their body weight in 68 weeks. That number surpasses anything seen in a late-stage obesity trial. For comparison, tirzepatide (Zepbound) produced roughly 20.9% weight loss in its Phase 3 trials, and semaglutide (Wegovy) achieved about 15%.
Retatrutide (development code LY3437943) is a synthetic peptide that mimics the activity of three hormones at once: GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide), and glucagon. Where semaglutide targets only GLP-1 and tirzepatide targets GLP-1 and GIP, retatrutide adds glucagon to the mix. That third receptor appears to be the reason the weight loss numbers are so much higher: glucagon increases energy expenditure and drives the liver to burn stored fat.
Retatrutide is not yet approved by any regulatory agency. It is currently in Eli Lilly's Phase 3 clinical program, called TRIUMPH, which spans eight trials covering obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obstructive sleep apnea, knee osteoarthritis, chronic low back pain, and liver disease. Seven of those trials are expected to report results by the end of 2026. If the data holds up, an FDA filing could come in 2027.
Table of Contents
- Quick Facts
- What Is Retatrutide?
- Development History
- How Retatrutide Works: Mechanisms of Action
- Clinical Research
- Administration and Dosing
- Safety Profile and Side Effects
- Legal and Regulatory Status
- Frequently Asked Questions
- The Bottom Line
Quick Facts
| Property | Details |
|---|---|
| Full name | Retatrutide (LY3437943) |
| Developer | Eli Lilly and Company |
| Drug class | GIP/GLP-1/glucagon triple receptor agonist |
| Route of administration | Subcutaneous injection (once weekly) |
| Molecular type | Synthetic peptide (39 amino acids) |
| Phase 2 weight loss (48 weeks) | Up to 24.2% body weight reduction (12 mg dose) |
| Phase 3 weight loss (68 weeks) | Up to 28.7% body weight reduction (12 mg dose) |
| Phase 3 program | TRIUMPH (8 trials, 5,800+ participants) |
| Regulatory status | Investigational — not approved anywhere |
| Key indications studied | Obesity, type 2 diabetes, MASLD, cardiovascular disease, OSA, knee OA |
| ClinicalTrials.gov | NCT05929066 (TRIUMPH-1), NCT05929079 (TRIUMPH-2), NCT05882045 (TRIUMPH-3), NCT05931367 (TRIUMPH-4) |
What Is Retatrutide?
Retatrutide is an investigational injectable peptide designed to treat obesity and related metabolic conditions. It belongs to a class called incretin-based therapies, which mimic gut hormones that regulate appetite, blood sugar, and energy balance.
Most people have heard of semaglutide (Ozempic/Wegovy) — it targets a single receptor, GLP-1. Then came tirzepatide (Mounjaro/Zepbound), which targets two: GLP-1 and GIP. Retatrutide targets all three: GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon. It is the first triple-receptor agonist to reach late-stage trials.
The logic behind adding glucagon is straightforward. GLP-1 and GIP primarily reduce appetite and slow stomach emptying. Glucagon does something different — it tells the liver to burn stored fat and ramps up the body's overall energy expenditure. Together, these three pathways attack obesity from multiple angles: eat less, feel full sooner, and burn more calories even at rest.
Retatrutide is a 39-amino-acid synthetic peptide given as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection. It has been engineered with relatively stronger action on the GIP receptor and balanced activity at the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors.
Development History
Retatrutide came out of Eli Lilly's internal research program on multi-receptor agonists — the same pipeline that produced tirzepatide. Having proven that two receptors beat one, Lilly asked whether adding glucagon — the third receptor — would push weight loss higher without unacceptable side effects.
Preclinical work on LY3437943 showed greater weight loss and metabolic improvement in animal models versus dual-agonist comparators, with the glucagon component driving increased energy expenditure and liver fat reductions.
Phase 1 trials (2021) established safety in healthy volunteers and people with type 2 diabetes, with dose-dependent reductions in body weight and blood glucose even in short-duration studies.
Phase 2 trials (2022-2023) produced the results that made headlines. Two major Phase 2 studies were published in top-tier journals:
- Obesity trial (Jastreboff et al., NEJM, 2023): 338 adults without diabetes. At 48 weeks, the 12 mg dose produced 24.2% body weight loss — a number that was, at the time, unprecedented for any drug.
- Type 2 diabetes trial (Rosenstock et al., The Lancet, 2023): 281 adults with type 2 diabetes. At 36 weeks, HbA1c dropped by up to 2.02%, and body weight fell by up to 16.94%.
Both papers were presented at the ADA Scientific Sessions in June 2023.
Phase 3 (TRIUMPH program) launched in 2023. The first results, from TRIUMPH-4, came in December 2025. Seven more readouts are expected by end of 2026. GlobalData predicts a 2027 FDA approval and forecasts retatrutide sales reaching $15.6 billion by 2031.
How Retatrutide Works: Mechanisms of Action
Retatrutide's defining feature is that it activates three receptors that together control appetite, blood sugar, and energy balance. Here is what each one does and why the combination matters.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonism
GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is the receptor targeted by semaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide, and dulaglutide. Activating this receptor:
- Reduces appetite by acting on hunger centers in the brain (particularly the hypothalamus and brainstem)
- Slows gastric emptying, making you feel full for longer after eating
- Stimulates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner (only when blood sugar is elevated), reducing the risk of hypoglycemia
- Suppresses glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells, helping to lower fasting blood sugar
GLP-1 agonism is the foundation of retatrutide's appetite-suppressing effects. This pathway is well-validated — it is the same mechanism behind the entire class of GLP-1 drugs that have already been approved.
GIP Receptor Agonism
GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) is the second receptor in retatrutide's triple mechanism — the same one targeted by tirzepatide. GIP receptor activation amplifies insulin secretion alongside GLP-1 for stronger glucose control, may reduce nausea compared to GLP-1-only drugs, and contributes to weight loss through pathways that appear at least partially independent of GLP-1. Retatrutide has relatively strong GIP receptor activity, which may help explain its metabolic benefits.
Glucagon Receptor Agonism — The Third Pathway
This is what makes retatrutide different from every approved obesity drug. Glucagon receptor activation:
- Increases energy expenditure. Glucagon tells the body to burn more calories, even at rest. This is a fundamentally different approach from appetite suppression alone.
- Stimulates hepatic fatty acid oxidation. In plain language: it tells the liver to break down and burn stored fat. This explains retatrutide's dramatic effects on liver fat (up to 82% reduction in the Phase 2 substudy).
- Reduces hepatic lipogenesis — the process by which the liver creates new fat from sugar and other substrates.
- Mobilizes fat from adipose tissue, releasing stored energy for the body to use.
The Phase 2 substudy found that beta-hydroxybutyrate (a marker of fat burning) increased 2- to 3-fold in a dose-dependent fashion in patients taking retatrutide, which is direct evidence that the glucagon component is doing its job (Coskun et al., Nature Medicine, 2024).
Why Three Receptors Together Matter
The triple combination creates a kind of metabolic "attack from all sides":
| Receptor | Primary Effect | What It Adds |
|---|---|---|
| GLP-1 | Appetite suppression, blood sugar control | Reduces food intake |
| GIP | Enhanced insulin secretion, complementary weight effects | Boosts glucose control, may improve tolerability |
| Glucagon | Increased energy expenditure, liver fat burning | Burns more calories, reduces liver fat |
This explains why retatrutide consistently produces more weight loss than dual agonists like tirzepatide, which in turn produce more weight loss than single-agonist GLP-1 drugs like semaglutide. Each additional receptor adds a mechanistically distinct contribution.
One concern: glucagon can raise blood sugar (it is the hormone that tells the liver to release glucose). In retatrutide, the GLP-1 and GIP components counterbalance this effect. The Phase 2 diabetes trial confirmed this: HbA1c dropped by up to 2.02% despite the glucagon component.
Clinical Research
Phase 2: Obesity (NEJM, 2023)
The landmark Phase 2 obesity trial, published by Jastreboff et al. in the New England Journal of Medicine, enrolled 338 adults with obesity or overweight (BMI 30+ or 27+ with at least one weight-related condition) but without type 2 diabetes.
Participants were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide at doses of 1 mg, 4 mg, 8 mg, or 12 mg (with dose escalation for the higher doses), or placebo. The primary endpoint was percentage change in body weight at 24 weeks.
Results at 24 weeks (primary endpoint):
| Dose | Weight Loss |
|---|---|
| Placebo | −2.1% |
| 1 mg | −6.0% |
| 4 mg | −12.9% |
| 8 mg | −17.5% |
| 12 mg | −17.5% |
Results at 48 weeks (secondary endpoint):
| Dose | Weight Loss |
|---|---|
| Placebo | −2.1% |
| 1 mg | −8.7% |
| 4 mg | −17.1% |
| 8 mg | −22.8% |
| 12 mg | −24.2% |
Weight loss curves at the higher doses had not plateaued at 48 weeks — patients were still losing weight when the trial ended. At 12 mg, 100% of participants lost at least 5% body weight and 83% lost at least 15%.
Phase 2: Type 2 Diabetes (The Lancet, 2023)
The second Phase 2 trial, published by Rosenstock et al. in The Lancet, enrolled 281 adults with type 2 diabetes. This study included an active comparator arm receiving dulaglutide 1.5 mg once weekly.
At 36 weeks:
- HbA1c reduction: up to −2.02% with the highest retatrutide dose, compared to −1.41% with dulaglutide and −0.01% with placebo
- Body weight loss: up to −16.94% with the highest dose
- HbA1c < 6.5%: Achieved by 82% of participants on the highest dose, compared to 55% on dulaglutide
- Prediabetes normalization: 72% of participants with prediabetes at baseline normalized their blood sugar levels
The GLP-1 and GIP activity effectively counterbalanced any glucose-raising effect of glucagon, maintaining strong glycemic control despite the triple-agonist design.
Phase 2 Substudy: Liver Fat (MASLD/MASH)
A substudy of the Phase 2 obesity trial examined retatrutide's effects on liver fat, measured by MRI-PDFF (magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction), in 98 participants who had at least 10% liver fat at baseline — consistent with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly known as NAFLD/NASH).
Relative liver fat reduction at 24 weeks:
| Dose | Liver Fat Reduction | Steatosis Resolution (< 5% liver fat) |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | +0.3% | 0% |
| 1 mg | −42.9% | 27% |
| 4 mg | −57.0% | 52% |
| 8 mg | −81.4% | 79% |
| 12 mg | −82.4% | 86% |
At 48 weeks, the 8 mg and 12 mg groups maintained steatosis resolution rates above 85%. These liver fat reductions are among the largest ever reported for any pharmacological intervention in MASLD, rivaling or exceeding results from survodutide and pemvidutide, other dual agonists being studied in liver disease.
The glucagon component is the likely driver. Glucagon directly stimulates hepatic fatty acid oxidation and reduces new fat production. Beta-hydroxybutyrate (a fat-burning marker) increased 2- to 3-fold in participants on higher doses, providing direct biochemical evidence of enhanced hepatic fat metabolism.
Phase 2 Substudy: Body Composition
A DXA-scanning substudy published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology in 2025 by Coskun et al. examined 189 adults with type 2 diabetes. At 36 weeks on the 12 mg dose, total fat mass dropped by 23.2%, visceral fat by up to 31.4%, and lean mass by about 10.5%. The proportion of weight lost as fat ranged from 62% to 69% across doses — meaning roughly two-thirds of the lost weight was fat, not muscle. The lean mass loss ratio was consistent with results seen with semaglutide and tirzepatide.
Phase 3: TRIUMPH Program
Eli Lilly's Phase 3 program — TRIUMPH — spans eight trials with more than 5,800 participants across these indications:
| Trial | Condition | NCT Number | Status (as of early 2026) |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRIUMPH-1 | Obesity/weight management | NCT05929066 | Ongoing; primary results expected mid-2026 |
| TRIUMPH-2 | Type 2 diabetes with obesity | NCT05929079 | Ongoing; results expected 2026 |
| TRIUMPH-3 | Cardiovascular disease with obesity | NCT05882045 | Ongoing |
| TRIUMPH-4 | Knee osteoarthritis with obesity | NCT05931367 | Reported December 2025 |
| TRIUMPH-Outcomes | Cardiovascular outcomes (MACE) | NCT06383390 | Recruiting |
| Additional trials | OSA, chronic low back pain, MASLD | NCT07035093, NCT07232719 | Recruiting/ongoing |
TRIUMPH-1, the core registration trial, uses an 80-week treatment period. Citi analysts project weight loss could exceed 30% at that longer duration.
Phase 3: TRIUMPH-4 Results (December 2025)
TRIUMPH-4 enrolled 445 adults with obesity and knee osteoarthritis (without diabetes) for 68 weeks. It had two co-primary endpoints: body weight change and knee pain reduction (WOMAC pain score).
Weight loss results:
| Dose | Weight Loss (all participants) | Weight Loss (completers only) |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | −2.1% | — |
| 9 mg | −23.7% (est.) | −26.4% |
| 12 mg | −23.7% (all patients) | −28.7% (32.3 kg / 71.2 lbs) |
The 23.7% figure counts all randomized participants regardless of whether they finished. The 28.7% includes only those who stayed on the drug — what patients can expect if they tolerate and continue treatment. Both figures make retatrutide the most effective anti-obesity drug ever tested in Phase 3, ahead of tirzepatide (~20.9%), CagriSema (~22.7%), and semaglutide (~15%).
Knee pain results:
- WOMAC pain score reductions: −75.8% (9 mg) and −74.3% (12 mg), compared to −40.5% with placebo
- Complete pain freedom: 14.1% (9 mg) and 12.0% (12 mg) of patients, versus 4.2% on placebo
Cardiovascular risk markers (key secondary endpoints):
- Non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) all improved
- Systolic blood pressure dropped by 14.0 mmHg with the 12 mg dose
Dr. Caroline Apovian of Brigham and Women's Hospital said of the results: "Now, we have a drug that rivals the weight loss benefits of surgery." Eli Lilly noted that some patients lost so much weight that they chose to discontinue — a factor behind the higher dropout rate at the 12 mg dose.
Administration and Dosing
Retatrutide is administered as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection, similar to tirzepatide and semaglutide.
Dose Escalation
All clinical trials have used a step-up dosing strategy to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Patients start low and increase gradually over several weeks.
In Phase 2, the dosing groups were 1 mg (no escalation), 4 mg (escalation over 4 weeks), 8 mg (escalation over 8-12 weeks), and 12 mg (escalation over 12-16 weeks). In Phase 3, the tested maintenance doses were 9 mg and 12 mg, with 4 mg included in some TRIUMPH trials. The escalation period for 12 mg is approximately 20 weeks.
Injections are given in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm (rotated weekly). The final commercial device has not been disclosed but will likely be a prefilled pen similar to Zepbound.
Important: Retatrutide is not commercially available. These dosing details come from clinical trial protocols and may change before any eventual FDA approval.
Safety Profile and Side Effects
The most extensive safety data for retatrutide come from the Phase 2 trials (published in the NEJM and The Lancet) and the Phase 3 TRIUMPH-4 results.
Most Common Side Effects
Like all GLP-1-based drugs, retatrutide's most frequent adverse events are gastrointestinal.
TRIUMPH-4 Phase 3 data (68 weeks):
| Side Effect | 9 mg | 12 mg | Placebo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nausea | 38.1% | 43.2% | 10.7% |
| Diarrhea | 34.7% | 33.1% | 13.4% |
| Constipation | 21.8% | 25.0% | 8.7% |
| Vomiting | 20.4% | 20.9% | 0.0% |
| Dysesthesia (nerve sensation) | 8.8% | 20.9% | 0.7% |
These GI rates are higher than tirzepatide in Phase 3, though most events were mild to moderate and concentrated in the dose-escalation period.
An unusual finding is dysesthesia — an abnormal tingling or burning nerve sensation — in up to 20.9% of patients on 12 mg versus 0.7% on placebo. Eli Lilly said it was generally mild and rarely caused discontinuation. This side effect is not commonly seen with other GLP-1 drugs and may be related to the glucagon component.
Discontinuation Rates
In TRIUMPH-4:
- 12 mg dose: 18.2% of patients stopped treatment due to adverse events
- 9 mg dose: 12.2% stopped due to adverse events
- Placebo: 4.0% stopped
BMO Capital Markets analysts noted that discontinuation rates were "highly correlated with baseline BMI and excessive weight loss." Among patients with a BMI of 35 or higher on the highest dose, the discontinuation rate dropped to 12% — closer to the dropout rates in Zepbound and Wegovy trials.
Other Safety Observations
- Heart rate: Mild increases observed in Phase 2, consistent with the GLP-1 drug class
- Gallbladder events: A known concern with rapid weight loss; monitoring continues in Phase 3
- Hepatic safety: No hepatotoxicity signals; liver enzymes improved in MASLD patients
- Hypoglycemia: Low rates, consistent with glucose-dependent insulin secretion
The Phase 3 program will fill in gaps around long-term safety beyond 68 weeks, cardiovascular outcomes (TRIUMPH-Outcomes), and effects on rare events like pancreatitis and thyroid tumors.
Legal and Regulatory Status
Current Status (February 2026)
Retatrutide is not approved in any country. It is classified as an investigational drug under active clinical development by Eli Lilly.
FDA Pathway
No NDA has been filed. Eli Lilly is expected to compile TRIUMPH data — most results due by end of 2026 — before submitting. Analysts project an FDA submission in late 2026 or early 2027, with possible approval in 2027.
Unlike some research peptides available through compounding pharmacies (such as BPC-157 or AOD-9604), retatrutide is under active patent protection by Eli Lilly and can only be accessed through clinical trial enrollment. The TRIUMPH trials are recruiting at sites across the U.S. and internationally — search for retatrutide on ClinicalTrials.gov.
The Competition
Retatrutide sits at the leading edge of a competitive race in next-generation obesity drugs:
- Tirzepatide (Eli Lilly) — Dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist, already FDA-approved as Zepbound for obesity and Mounjaro for type 2 diabetes
- Survodutide (Boehringer Ingelheim/Zealand) — Dual GLP-1/glucagon agonist in Phase 3 for obesity and MASH
- Pemvidutide (Altimmune) — Dual GLP-1/glucagon agonist focused on MASH
- CagriSema (Novo Nordisk) — Combination of semaglutide + cagrilintide in Phase 3
- Orforglipron (Eli Lilly) — Oral GLP-1 agonist in late-stage development
In March 2025, Novo Nordisk paid up to $2 billion for the rights to an early-stage triple agonist from United Laboratories International. That drug targets the same three receptors as retatrutide but is years behind in development.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is retatrutide the same as tirzepatide?
No. Tirzepatide (Mounjaro/Zepbound) targets two receptors: GLP-1 and GIP. Retatrutide targets three: GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon. Both are made by Eli Lilly and given as once-weekly injections, but retatrutide's glucagon activity produces greater weight loss and more dramatic liver fat reduction. Tirzepatide has been on the market since 2022; retatrutide is not yet approved.
When will retatrutide be available?
The current timeline points to a potential FDA approval in 2027, based on the TRIUMPH Phase 3 program completing in 2026. Commercial availability would likely follow in late 2027 or 2028, though timelines could shift depending on trial results.
How much weight can you lose on retatrutide?
In TRIUMPH-4, patients who completed the full 68 weeks on the 12 mg dose lost an average of 28.7% of their body weight — about 71 pounds (32.3 kg). The core TRIUMPH-1 trial (80 weeks) could show weight loss exceeding 30%, according to analyst projections.
What is the difference between retatrutide and semaglutide?
Semaglutide (Wegovy/Ozempic) targets only GLP-1. Retatrutide targets GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon. Semaglutide produces about 15% weight loss; retatrutide has shown up to 28.7%. Semaglutide has been FDA-approved since 2021 with extensive long-term safety data. Retatrutide is still investigational.
Does retatrutide help with fatty liver disease?
Phase 2 data showed liver fat decreased by 82.4% at the 12 mg dose, with 86% of patients achieving complete steatosis resolution. These are among the strongest liver-fat-reduction results ever reported for any drug. Phase 3 trials for MASLD are underway.
Can you buy retatrutide now?
No. It is only accessible through Eli Lilly's clinical trials. Any online seller claiming to offer retatrutide is selling an unregulated, unverified product — PeptideJournal.org recommends against purchasing from such sources.
What are the main side effects of retatrutide?
The most common side effects are gastrointestinal: nausea (up to 43%), diarrhea (up to 33%), vomiting (up to 21%), and constipation (up to 25%). These tend to decrease after the dose-escalation period. A distinctive finding is dysesthesia (abnormal nerve sensations), which occurred in about 21% of patients on the highest dose — something not commonly reported with other GLP-1 drugs.
The Bottom Line
Retatrutide is the farthest-along triple-receptor agonist in clinical development, and its Phase 3 data is hard to argue with. Nearly 29% average body weight loss at the highest dose, dramatic liver fat clearance, and meaningful reductions in knee pain and cardiovascular risk markers — the numbers are consistently strong across every endpoint.
But strong efficacy always comes with trade-offs. The gastrointestinal side effect rates are higher than what patients experience on tirzepatide. The 18% discontinuation rate at the top dose means roughly 1 in 5 patients stopped because of adverse effects. The dysesthesia signal is new and not yet fully understood. And we still do not have long-term cardiovascular outcome data — that will take years from the TRIUMPH-Outcomes trial.
The commercial picture matters, too. Eli Lilly already sells tirzepatide (Zepbound), which produces 21% weight loss and has an established safety track record. Retatrutide will likely be positioned for patients who need more aggressive weight loss — people with severe obesity (BMI above 35-40), significant liver fat burden, or obesity-related complications that have not responded adequately to dual-agonist therapy. Eli Lilly appears to be building a portfolio rather than a single product: orforglipron as the oral option, tirzepatide as the proven injectable, and retatrutide as the high-potency choice.
If the remaining TRIUMPH trials match what TRIUMPH-4 showed, retatrutide will likely reach the market in 2027 as the first triple-agonist approved for any indication. Its liver fat data may also open a path to MASLD/MASH approval.
The full Phase 3 picture will emerge over 2026. Patients considering obesity treatment should discuss the current FDA-approved options — including semaglutide and tirzepatide — with their healthcare provider. Retatrutide's time may be coming, but it is not here yet.
Last updated: February 2026. This article is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare provider before making any treatment decisions.
References
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Jastreboff AM, Kaplan LM, Frias JP, et al. Triple-hormone-receptor agonist retatrutide for obesity — a phase 2 trial. New England Journal of Medicine. 2023;389(6):514-526. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2301972
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Rosenstock J, Frias J, Jastreboff AM, et al. Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial. The Lancet. 2023;402(10401):529-544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01053-X
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Coskun T, et al. Triple hormone receptor agonist retatrutide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized phase 2a trial. Nature Medicine. 2024. PMC11271400
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Coskun T, Wu Q, Schloot NC, et al. Effects of retatrutide on body composition in people with type 2 diabetes: a substudy of a phase 2, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. 2025. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(25)00092-0
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Eli Lilly and Company. Lilly's triple agonist, retatrutide, delivered weight loss of up to average 28.7% in TRIUMPH-4 Phase 3 study. Press release. December 11, 2025. investor.lilly.com
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ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records for retatrutide: NCT05929066 (TRIUMPH-1), NCT05929079 (TRIUMPH-2), NCT05882045 (TRIUMPH-3), NCT05931367 (TRIUMPH-4), NCT06383390 (TRIUMPH-Outcomes).
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Marathe SJ, Grey EW, Bohm MS, et al. Incretin triple agonist retatrutide (LY3437943) alleviates obesity-associated cancer progression. npj Metabolic Health and Disease. 2025. doi:10.1038/s44324-025-00054-5
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Ganamurali N, Sabarathinam S. The triple-agonist revolution: retatrutide and the paradigm shift in multi-hormonal pharmacotherapy for obesity and cardiometabolic comorbidities. Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development. 2026. doi:10.1002/cpdd.70001